Bystander

  • Auerbach, Rachel

    Rachel Auerbach (18 Dec. 1903 – 31 May 1976) was a Jewish Holocaust propagandist from Volhynia who spent the war years in the Warsaw Ghetto until March 1943, when she somehow moved to the non-Jewish side of Warsaw, thus surviving the war. After the war, Auerbach helped establish the Jewish Historical Institute in Poland, where she…

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    Karski, Jan

    Jan Karski (aka Jan Kozielewski, 24 April 1914 – 13 July 2000) was an agent of the Polish government in exile, whose task was to invent and spread “black propaganda” – meaning atrocity lies – in German-occupied Poland (Laqueur 1998, p. 230). During World War Two, the Polish government in exile maintained close relations with…

  • Kozak, Stanisław

    Stanisław Kozak was a Polish civilian from the village of Belzec hired by the Germans in October 1941 to help build the facilities inside the Belzec Camp. When interrogated on 14 October 1945 by Regional Investigative Judge Czeslaw Godzieszewski, Kozak described a building made of wood with three chambers, each one equipped with a heavy…

  • Rossel, Maurice

    Maurice Rossel (1917 – 2008) was a Swiss national and physician. In 1944, he worked at the Berlin branch of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). As such, he visited the Theresienstadt Ghetto on 23 June 1944 and Auschwitz Main Camp in September of that year. Both reports he wrote after his visits reflect…

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